目錄他旨在開始營銷減肥藥英語 吃減肥藥用英語怎么說 日本排行第一的減肥藥 減肥藥介紹詞英文 日本見效最快的減肥藥
沿湄公河而下的旅程
第一部分夢想與計劃
我的名字叫王坤。從高中起，我姐姐王薇和我就一直夢想作一次偉大的自行車旅行。兩年前，她買了一輛昂貴的山地自行車，然后還說服我買了一輛（山地車）。去年她去看望了我們的表兄弟——在昆明讀大學(xué)的刀衛(wèi)和宇航。他們是傣族人，在云南省西部靠近瀾滄江的地方長大，湄公河在中國境內(nèi)的這一段叫瀾滄江，在其他國家（境內(nèi)）叫湄公河。很快，王薇使表兄弟也對騎車旅游產(chǎn)生了興趣。大學(xué)畢業(yè)以后，我們終于有了機會騎自行車旅行。我問我姐姐：兄?jǐn) 拔覀円ツ膬海俊笔紫认氲揭劁毓訌脑搭^到終點騎車旅游的是我的姐姐。現(xiàn)在她正在為我們的旅行制定計劃。
我很喜歡我姐姐，但是她有一個很嚴(yán)重的缺點。她有時確實很固執(zhí)。盡管她對去某些地方的最佳路線并不清楚，她卻堅持要自己把這次旅游安排得盡善盡美。于是，我就知道這個盡善盡美的方式總是她的方式。我不停地問她，“我們什么時候出發(fā)？什么時候回來？”我還問她是否看過地圖。當(dāng)然她并沒有看過——我的姐姐是不會考慮細節(jié)的。于是，我告訴她，湄公河的源頭在青海省。她給了我一個堅定的眼神——這種眼神表明她是不會改變主意的。我說，我們的旅行將從5, 000多米的高地出發(fā)，這時她似乎顯得很興奮。當(dāng)我告訴悉塵顫她那里空氣稀薄，呼吸困難，而且天氣很冷時，她卻說這將是一次有趣的經(jīng)歷。我非常了解我的姐姐，她一旦下了決心，什么也不能使她改變。最后，我只好讓步了。
在我們旅行前的幾個月，王薇和我去了圖書館。我們找到一本大型地圖冊，里面有一些世界地理的明細圖。我們從圖上可以看到，湄公河發(fā)源于西藏一座山上的冰川。起初，江面很小，河水清澈而冷冽，然后它開始快速流動。它穿過深谷時就變成了急流，流經(jīng)睜敗云南西部。有時，這條江形成瀑布，進入寬闊的峽谷。我們倆驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)這條河有一半是在中國境內(nèi)。當(dāng)流出中國，流出高地之后，湄公河就變寬了，變暖了，河水也變成了黃褐色。而當(dāng)它進入東南亞以后，流速減緩，河水蜿蜒緩慢地穿過低谷，流向生長稻谷的平原。最后，湄公河三角洲的各支流流入中國南海。
“你為了則滑叢減肥常吃減肥藥又經(jīng)常孫櫻不吃飯，這對你的身體健讓衡康有害”
-------- It does harm to your health that you often take diet pills and neglect meals.
1.將Seen變?yōu)樵蜸ee
2.去掉鋒悶虛洞had
3.have
planted改為had
plant
這只是我的答案,僅供參銀譽彎考,對不對不敢確定!
吃藥
[詞典]
take
medicine;
take
pills;
[例句昌宏]該吃藥了，親愛的。
it's
time
for
your
tablets,
dear
起來吃藥吧。
sit
up
and
have
your
medicine.
這孩清迅拆子怕吃藥，在媽媽的懷里答棗直打挺兒。
the
child
refused
to
take
the
medicine
and
bent
backwards
in
his
mother's
arms.
閱讀理解
（改攜緩1）
The announcement that England?s mad cow disease was involved in 10 cases
of a fatal human brain disorder has been met with understandable hysteria.The market for British beef collapsed,100,000 farmer?s jobs are in jeopardy,and the government is trying to defuse a crisis that could cause billions of dollars in loses.But what is striking about the situation is how sharply the decisive public reaction to the crisis contrasts with the cautious language in the
announcement.Scientists said consumption of contaminated beef was “the most
likely explanation” for 10 cases of a similar human illness called Creutzfeldt?Jakob diseas
e—nothing more definite than that.The crisis is a telling example of a phenomenon occurring ever more frequently: A complex scientific debate I suddenly thrust upon an anxious public that is ill?equipped to understand it.Instant communications,combined with the greater willingness of government and industry leaders to go public with their scientific disputes,trigger concern.The core of real science gets overwhelmed by a flurry of “核模隱野junk science”—conflicting statements by politicians,confusing press reports,legal depositions,even dueling ads.The real problem is the nature of scientific inquiry,which inevitably involves uncertainty.Researchers cannot say conclusively whether mad cow disease poses a risk to humans.They don?t know the extent of the epidemic or how it can be stopped.Indeed,they can?t even agree on the cause.“This is tremendously difficult for the public to sort out.If scientists are disagreeing,what?s the citizen to presume?” asks Paul Slovic,an American psychologist at Decision Research in Eugene.One lesson to be drawn from the mad cow crisis is that government shouldnt cut funding for basic research,which can help prevent tomorrow?s crises.But the only real solution is for government and industry leaders to use scientific information responsibly.Unresolved scientific disputes have become a fact ofmodern life.Nothing else so clearly illustrates science?s limits.
1.The announcement indicating the connection between the mad cow disease and the fatal human brain disorder has brought about .
A) a drastic decline in beef consumption
B) unemployment of 100,000 farmers
C) the British government?s decisive action to prevent future crises
D) scientific disputes concerning the nature of Creutzfeldt?Jakob disease
2.We can infer from the passage that Creutzeldt?Jakob disease .
A) is an epidemic fatal to humans as well as to cattle
B) is caused by eating contaminated beef
C) is incurable but preventable
D) is still under scientific investigation
3.In the author?s opinion,which of the following should NOT be held responsible for the crisis?
A) Uncertainty of scientific inquiries.
B) Irresponsibility of government officials in using scientific information.
C) Misleading news reports written by journalists.
D) Advertisements competing for public attention and market.
4.Which of the following does the author regard as the most important in preventing future crises of this kind?
A) The government should give more money to basic research.
B) The public should not be officially given scientific information which might lead tconfusion.
C) Government and industry leaders should be more responsible in handling scientific information.
D) Scientists should settle their disputes before informing the public of their discoveries.
5.To the author,the way in which the public reacted to the announcement is .
A) incomprehensible B) ridiculous
C) justifiable D) illogical
語言注釋
1.defuse v.緩和，平息、減少危險性、緊張程度或敵對程度
2.Creutzfeldt?Jakob 克雅氏癥
3.flurry n.騷動，混亂騷動或突然的爆發(fā)
4.deposition n.宣誓作證(尤指通過寫下的證詞或記錄的形式作出的，今后在法庭上使用的證詞)
答案
1.A
本題答案主要依據(jù)文章第一段。本段中心為瘋牛病的消息帶來的后果。第一句是本段
的主題句——英國宣布瘋牛病與10例致命的人腦疾病有關(guān)。這一聲明引起了公眾的極度不安，是可以理解的。第二句中講述了三個具體的細節(jié)說明后果：牛肉市場銷量驟減，10萬農(nóng)民面臨失業(yè)的危險，政府正努力緩解損失可達數(shù)十億美元的危機。由此可見，選項A的陳述是準(zhǔn)確的。
2.D
第二段中這樣一些信息是理解的關(guān)鍵：…the cautious language…consumption of
contaminated beef was “the most likely explanation” for …nothing more definit
e than that。依據(jù)這些線索可知文中未被提及選項A、C的內(nèi)容；選項B的內(nèi)容所給信息不符。故正確答案為D。
3.A
本題涉及造成這場危機的原因，判斷應(yīng)依據(jù)第三、四段。作者認(rèn)為，不確定性在科學(xué)
研究中是不可避免的(…the nature of scientific inquiry,which inevitably involves uncertainty…)，而現(xiàn)代生活中總是存在著懸而未決的科學(xué)爭論(…Unsolved scientific disputes have become a fact of modern life)。而此次危機的起因是政客和企業(yè)領(lǐng)
導(dǎo)急于公布沒有定論的研究結(jié)果、混亂的新聞報道、法律證詞、甚至相互競爭的廣告等大量的偽科學(xué)(junk scientific)淹沒了科學(xué)的真相(the core of real science)。由此可知，正確答案應(yīng)為A。
4.C
作者在最后一段中總結(jié)了由此次危機中獲得的經(jīng)驗教訓(xùn)，因此只有選項A、B與本題中
涉及的問題相關(guān)。在這里考生必須準(zhǔn)確理解題干的要點——最重要的方法(the
most important)，并且準(zhǔn)確把握文中作者語氣的輕重。But the only real solution is …之后才是問題的答案所在。
5.C
本題中要求考生準(zhǔn)確理解作者對整件事情的態(tài)度。作者以瘋牛病造成的恐慌為引子，
意在批評政府和企業(yè)界領(lǐng)袖在沒有科學(xué)定論的情況下就把相互矛盾的信息公之于眾的做法。全文中提供了許多線索表明作者對公眾恐慌的理解，如understandable hysteria…tremendously difficult for the public to sort out.If scientists are
disagreeing,whats the citizen to presume? 由此可知，正確答案為C(justifiable，可理解的)。
（2）
Now and then,researchers retreat from the trackless jungle at the edge of knowledge and set up camp in more familiar territory.Such expeditions don ’t often yield surprises,but it’s always reassuring to know that the back yard looks much as we thought it did. Among those scientists were psychologists from the State University of the New York at Stony Brook.To prove their theory—that people are more likely to yell at a family member or a peer than a superior—they asked 100 college students to wear blood?pressure cuffs and to keep notes about when they got angry and what they did about it.The momentous conclusion: people tend to bottle up anger felt toward an authority figure,and are more likely to vent it instead at family members or friends.While these findings are far from earth?shattering,one researcher pointed out that nobody had ever looked at anger this way before.
Big words can make a self?evident result seem weightier.Psychologists at the National Institute for Healthcare Research in Maryland used this technique when they announced that when one person hurts another,forgiveness “isassociated with restored relational closeness following an interpersonal transgression.” Couples who have adopted the kiss?and?make?up strategy will no doubt be pleased to learn that there is now a sound scientific basis for their actions.Psychologists,however,aren?t the only ones taking pains to prove the obvious.Some boldly going where few have gone don?t always lead to radical conclusions.Over the years,researchers have set up weather?monitoring stations in remote areas of Antarctica.According to data from stations on the Ross Ice Shelf—where almost all those taking part in Robert Scott?s ill?fated South Pole expedition perished sometime between late February and mid?March of 1912—temperatures as low as those recorded in Scott?s journal have been documented only once in the past 15 years.This evidence led to one inexorable conclusion about what killed Scott and most of his party: it was the cold.
1.According to the author,the scientists who do researches in more familiar territory .
A) have confirmed what we have already known
B) have looked at things in new ways
C) have done some useless work
D) have had important discoveries by studying the obvious
2.Which of the following is NOT true according to the psychologists at Stony Brook?
A) They have looked at anger in a unique way.
B) When people get angry,their blood pressure changes.
C) People tend to let off their grievance at home.
D) People are less likely to show their anger to their family members.
3.The psychologists in Maryland have proved that when one person hurts another, .
A) it is easier for them to make up if they have very close relations
B) it is easier for them to make up if they show their intimacy
C) they should find a sound scientific basis to make up
D) they should kiss each other to make it up
4.According to the research on the Ross Ice Shelf,Robert Scott?sexpedition failed because .
A) most of the expeditors couldn?t stand hardships
B) it was exceptionally cold on Antarctica that year
C) Robert Scott should not have chosen to go there in winter
D) Robert Scott did not pay much attention to the temperature record of An tarctica
5.It is implied in the passage that .
A) what scientists say is not necessarily important
B) bold researches would lead to radical conclusion
C) people should not bottle up their anger at their family member or friends
D) researchers should shift from the edge of knowledge to familiar fields
語言注釋
1.Now and then,researchers retreat from the trackless jungle at the edge of knowledge and set up camp in more familiar territory.此句中作者用了暗喻的手法，將知識的前沿比作荊棘密布的叢林，將人們熟知的領(lǐng)域比作宿營地。以此批評研究者為了獲取研究成果，不愿探索新的科學(xué)領(lǐng)域，而謹(jǐn)慎地選擇了所熟悉的領(lǐng)域，僅僅滿足于一些對人類認(rèn)知的進步毫無益處的所謂的科學(xué)發(fā)現(xiàn)。
2.momentous adj.重大的、重要的
3.…that when one person hurts another,forgiveness “is associated withrestored relational closeness following an interpersonal transgression.”當(dāng)一個人傷害了另一個人，原諒與否取決于在雙方發(fā)生沖突之后，是否恢復(fù)了以往的親昵關(guān)系。
4.inexorable adj.無情的
答案
1.C 在文章開頭，作者就直接指出科研領(lǐng)域里的一個現(xiàn)象——研究者不去探索新的知識領(lǐng)域，而為了穩(wěn)妥只研究一些熟悉的領(lǐng)域。對此作者認(rèn)為這樣的研究不會帶來任何實際的好處(such expedition don?t often yield surprises…)。在這種意義上，這種研究是沒有價值的研究。故C為正確答案。
2.D根據(jù)第二段中的研究結(jié)果可知正確答案為D。解題的關(guān)鍵是考生要準(zhǔn)確理解…people tend to bottle up anger felt toward an authority figure,and are more likely to vent it instead at family members or friends一句的含義。此句中bottle up意為“控制”，vent意為“放出、排出、發(fā)泄(感情等)”。
3.B第三段中作者指出，一些研究結(jié)果使本來顯而易見的事實顯得更加重要。作者評論了馬里蘭國家健康研究所的研究結(jié)果，夫妻之間爭吵后用來和解的慣用手段，以及兩者之間的關(guān)系。并以此為例證明了自己的觀點。由此可知B為正確答案。
4.B根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，Scott等在南極之旅中全部喪生的真正原因是那次科考中他們遇到了前所未有的嚴(yán)寒天氣。故正確答案為B。
5.A通讀全篇，不難體會作者對科研領(lǐng)域中這種怪現(xiàn)象的諷刺和否定的態(tài)度，由此暗示了作者的觀點——科學(xué)家的研究結(jié)果不一定有重要的意義。選項B、C、D中所陳述的內(nèi)容與文中事實不符。故正確答案為A。
（3）
Scientists have developed a slimming drug that successfully suppresses appetite and results in a dramatic loss of weight without any apparent ill effects.
The drug interferes with appetite control and prevents the build?up of fatty tissue.More importantly,the drug appears to prevent a serious decline inmetabolic rate—causing tiredness and lethargy—which is typically associated with living on a starvation diet.As a result,mice taking the drug lost 45 percent more weight than mice fed the same amount of food,which compensate for the lack of food by becoming more sluggish.The scientists,from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore,said that C75 is likely to produce a similar effect on humans because appetite control in the brain is thought to be based largely on the same chemical pathways as those in mice.“We are not claiming to have found the fabled weight?loss drug.What we have found,using C75,is a major pathway in the brain that the body usesnaturally in regulating appetite at least in mice,” said Francis Kuhajda,apathologist and senior team member.“We badly need effective drugs for weight loss.Obesity is a huge problem.We?re hoping to explore the possibilities of this new pathway,” he said.Discovering a biochemical pathway in the brain that controls appetite raises new prospects for developing slimming aids.Research on leptin,ahormone produced in fatty tissue for controlling fat deposits,has so far failed to produce the expected slimming drug breakthrough.The latest study,published in the journal Science,showed that even moderate doses of C75 produced a significant loss of appetite,which returned to normal after a few days.Human studies are being planned.
The scientists believe that C75,which they produced synthetically in the laboratory,binds to an enzyme called fatty acid sythase,which is involved in storing excess food intake as fat.Inhibiting the enzyme caused a build?up of achemical in the liver which acts as a precursor to fat deposition.This precursor is thought to have an indirect effect on the brain,causing appetite suppression.Normally,when animals fast,a hormone called neuropeptide Y increases sharply in the appetite?control centers of the brain,stimulating the desire for food.However,when animals are given C75,levels of this hormone fall,leading to a loss of interest in food.Dr Kuhajda said discovering that C75 has no effecon metabolic rate is one of the most significant findings of thestudy.“If you try to lose weight by starving,your metabolism slows down after a few days,”he said.“It?s a survival mechanism that sabotages many diets.We see this in fasting mice.Yet metabolic rate in the C75?treated mice doesn?t slow at all.”Further animals studies will be needed before C75 could be tested on humans.
1.Living on a starvation diet may result in .
A) a dramatic loss of weight without any ill effects
B) a long?term loss of interest in eating
C) a slowdown of fat deposition
D) fatigue and inactivity
2.The scientists from the Johns Hopkins University said that C75,the slimming drug proved effective in mice,is likely to work on humans because.
A) the chemical pathway responsible for appetite control in human is believed to be the same as that in mice
B) it is a major pathway in the brain which is activated to regulate appetite
C) it is especially effective in the battle against obesity
D) its effect has also been proved by human studies
3.Leptin .
A) refers to a new biochemical pathway in the brain that controls appetite
B) raises new prospects for developing slimming drugs
C) is a hormone produced in fatty tissue for controlling fat build?up
D) has turned to a breakthrough in the search for effective slimming drug
4.The newly?found slimming drug can successfully suppresses appetite because .
A) C75 made synthetically in the laboratory works effectively on human body
B) fatty acid sythase is involved in storing excess food intake as fat
C) C75 inhibits the activity of an enzyme called fatty acid sythase
D) it increases a hormone called neuropeptide Y in the appetite?control centers of the brain
5.What is the most remarkable about the new slimming drug C75?
A) It successfully suppresses appetite.
B) It encourages the scientists to study slimming drugs from new perspectives.
C) It generates a new hormone that may prove to be the key to overweight.
D) It doesn?t affect the metabolic rate,a survival mechanism in living beings.
語言注釋
1.lethargy n.無生氣,無精打采,呆滯懶散
2.As a result,mice taking the drug lost 45 per cent more weight than micefed the same amount of food,which compensate for the lack of food by becoming more sluggish.這個句子的句型略為復(fù)雜，有一個表示比較的壯語從句，后又跟了一個非限定性的定語從句。可譯為“結(jié)果，服用新型減肥藥的小鼠與喂食相同數(shù)量的食物的小鼠相比，體重下降了45%以上。而后者變得更加懶怠，即以減少活動量來彌補食物的不足”。
3.obesity n.肥胖
4.The scientists believe that C?75?,which they produced synthetically in the lab oratory,binds to an enzyme called fatty acid sythase,which is involved in storing excess food intake as fat.這個句子分別在兩個關(guān)鍵詞后，用了非限定性的定語從句，來進一步解釋說明。整句意為：科學(xué)家們相信，這種在實驗室用合成方法制成的C?75會與成為“脂肪酸合酶”的生物酶結(jié)合。這種酶參與了把過量食物攝取轉(zhuǎn)化脂肪的過程。
5.neuropeptide n.神經(jīng)肽
6.sabotage v.對……采取破壞行動、防礙、破壞
答案
1.D
文中第一段在介紹這種新型減肥藥C75的特點時，將新藥的特點與傳統(tǒng)上通過節(jié)食減肥對代謝率的影響進行比較，指出由于后者使代謝速度減慢而引起疲勞、無力等癥狀。故正確答案為D。在解題時考生需注意文中more importantly這樣強調(diào)語義的詞和短語，并注意理解破折號(表示進一步解釋說明)等標(biāo)點符號的交際功能。
2.A
文章第二段開頭便表明了人們可使用C75來減肥原因…that C75 is likely to produce a similar effect on humans because appetite control in the brain is thought to be based largely on the same chemical pathways as those in mice這正是選項A所表達的意思。C75是一種新型的減肥藥，而非重要的化學(xué)路徑，由此可排除選項B。目前關(guān)于這種新型藥劑的效果的研究結(jié)果均來自動物實驗結(jié)果，而人體實驗正在計劃當(dāng)中。由此可排除C、D兩個選項。
3.C
文中第三段中第二句話對Leptin做出了解釋。它是脂肪組織中分泌的，一種可以控制脂肪積聚量的激素。故正確答案為C。
4.C
根據(jù)文章第四段，可知這種新型減肥藥之所以可以有效地控制食欲是因為人體中被稱為“脂肪酸和酶”的一種酶參與將過量攝取的食物轉(zhuǎn)化成脂肪的過程。而C75可與這種酶結(jié)合，并且抑制其產(chǎn)生，從而促使一種化學(xué)物質(zhì)在肝臟中積聚。這一過程間接地作用于大腦，抑制食欲。
5.D
文中曾在第一段(More importantly,the drug appears to prevent a serious decline in metabolic rate…)和最后一段(…that C75 has no effect on metabolic rate is one of the most significant findings of the study.)中兩次提到這種新型減肥藥的獨特之處，即對生命體的新陳代謝不產(chǎn)生影響。故正確答案為D。
（4）
Since 1975 advocates of humane treatment of animals have broadened their goals to oppose the use of animals for fur,leather,wool,and food.They have mouned protests against all forms of hunting and the trapping of animals in the wild.And they have joined environmentalists in urging protection of natural habitats from commercial or residential development.The occasion for these added emphases was the publication in 1975 of “Animal Liberation: A New Ethics
for Our Tr eatment of Animals” by Peter Singer,formerly a professor of philosophy at Oxford University in England.This book gave a new impetus to the animal rights movement. The post?1975 animal rights activists are far more vocal than their predecessors,and the organizations to which they belong are generally more radical.Many new organization are formed.The tactics of the activists are designed to catch the attention of the public.Since the mid?1980s there have been frequent newsreports about animal right organizations picketing stores that sell furs,haras
sing hunters in the wild,or breaking into laboratories to free animals.Some of the more extreme organizations advocate the use of assault,armed terrorism,and death threats to make their point. Aside from making isolated attacks on people who wear fur coats or trying to prevent hunters from killing animals,most of the organizations have directed their tactics at institutions.The results of the protests and other tactics have been mixed.Companies are reducing reliance on animal testing.Medical research has been somewhat curtailed by legal restrictions and the reluctance of younger workers to use animals in research.New tests have been developed to
replace the use of animals.Some well?known designers have stopped using fur.
While the general public tends to agree that animals should be treated humanely,most people are unlikely to give up eating meat or wearing goods made from leather and wool.Giving up genuine fur has become less of a problem,since fibers used to make fake fur such as the Japanese invention
